It is important to move beyond conventional notions of biometric systems and towards a more expansive definition that factors in the transformative effect AI has played. As such, we argue that biometric systems should now be understood as: “Computer-based systems which collect and process physiological data or behavioural data. This data can be used for numerous purposes, for instance to identify an individual, verify their identity, categorise them into different groups, or make inferences about their psychological or emotional states.”
- Megan Hughes and Sam Stockwell
